Layer 2 blockchain · settles to Ethereum
Robinhood Chain ticker ETH
Summary
An EVM-compatible Ethereum L2 on Arbitrum Dedicated Blockchains that anyone can deploy to (Robinhood calls it permissionless), though the sequencer screens transactions and excludes any associated with sanctioned addresses. It uses Ethereum blobs for data availability and ETH for gas. The sequencer orders transactions first-come, first-served by arrival time. Under BoLD, two permissioned validators (Offchain Labs and Alchemy) monitor assertions and can challenge invalid state with fraud proofs. An eight-seat Security Council governs the protocol: 6 of 8 with a seven-day timelock for routine actions, 7 of 8 without timelock for emergencies. Public Mainnet was announced on 1 July 2026. 1247911
Design
- System
- Layer 2 blockchainEthereum L2 built on Arbitrum Dedicated Blockchains (Arbitrum technology). This profile covers Mainnet (chain ID 4663); Testnet (chain ID 46630) is a separate network. It is a dedicated chain, not Arbitrum One and not an L3 on Arbitrum One.
- Settles to
- EthereumPosts transaction data to Ethereum as blobs and relies on Ethereum for data availability and dispute settlement. Canonical-bridge withdrawals to Ethereum wait about seven days for the challenge period.
- Settlement family
- Ethereum / EVM
- Scarce resource
- Other
- State model
- Accounts
- Finality
- Other
- Who makes blocks
- A sequencer orders transactions by arrival time; two permissioned BoLD validators (Offchain Labs and Alchemy) monitor assertions and can dispute them.
- Fork choice
- No open L2 fork choice: ordering follows the sequencer, canonical state is derived from data posted to Ethereum, and disputes go through BoLD fraud proofs. Ethereum's own fork choice and finality apply to the posted data.
Qualifications
- Scarce resource · Not applicable. Robinhood Chain block production uses no stake or work of its own: there is no L2 mining or open staking, a sequencer orders transactions, and settlement depends on Ethereum proof of stake plus BoLD fraud proofs run by permissioned validators.
- Finality · Partial. Finality comes in stages: sequencer confirmation, then batch posting to Ethereum and Ethereum finality of that batch; withdrawals wait about seven days. Provider-observed inclusion is not completed settlement.
- Home node independence · Partial. A Robinhood Chain full node cannot verify on its own; it depends on Ethereum L1 execution and beacon endpoints to read posted blob data.
Tradeoffs
- Emphasizes
- Scalability and Security
- Gives up
- Decentralized operation and censorship resistance at the sequencer: ordering runs through a sequencer that excludes transactions associated with sanctioned addresses, disputes currently rely on two permissioned validators, and an eight-seat Security Council can approve changes, including emergency actions without a timelock.The security emphasis refers to Ethereum-anchored data availability and fraud proofs; how much security is inherited in practice is qualified by the permissioned validator set and council powers.
- Full node at home
- Demanding 5Robinhood lists 8+ cores with strong single-core speed, 64 GB RAM (128 GB recommended) and local NVMe sized at twice the chain plus 20% (several TB). The node also needs an Ethereum execution RPC and beacon endpoint, self-run or from a provider.
- Throughput claims
- No classified figure recorded
Scaling layers
No scaling layer recorded in this profile.
Capabilities
| Capability | How it is provided | Notes and sources |
|---|---|---|
| Account abstraction | Structured assessment pending | Not yet assessed for any chain. |
| Atomic swaps | Unknown | A trust-minimized cross-party swap mechanism on Robinhood Chain was not reviewed. |
| Authenticated data publication | Unknown | Not yet assessed under the current definitions; Robinhood's connection page says the chain posts its data to Ethereum as blobs. Under the current definition that is Ethereum's data-availability feature, not one Robinhood Chain users invoke on this chain. No Robinhood Chain feature for publishing data against a chain-recorded commitment was identified, and absence was not exhaustively verified. 2 |
| Light clients | Unknown | A light-client verification path for Robinhood Chain was not reviewed. |
| Native staking or delegation | Structured assessment pending | Not yet assessed for any chain. |
| On-chain governance | Structured assessment pending | Not yet assessed for any chain. |
| Parallel execution | Structured assessment pending | Not yet assessed for any chain. |
| Payment or state channels | Unknown | No payment or state channel layer anchored to Robinhood Chain was reviewed. |
| Programmable spending | Native (protocol or core-team software) Earlier definition | Solidity and Vyper contracts deploy without modification; Robinhood documents first-class ERC-4337 support and EIP-7702 (batching, sponsorship, session keys). 16 |
| Protocol-verified messaging | Structured assessment pending | Not yet assessed for any chain. |
| Reversible transfers or recovery | Unknown | Not yet assessed under the current definitions; Robinhood documents ERC-4337 and EIP-7702 smart-account support, but the reviewed page documents no way to cancel or delay a sent payment and no recovery path live on Robinhood Chain. 6 |
| Rollups | Unknown | This chain is itself an Ethereum L2; no rollup settling to Robinhood Chain was identified. Absence was not verified. |
| Shielded transfers | Structured assessment pending | Not yet assessed for any chain. |
| Signed partial offers | Unknown | Not yet assessed under this row's current definition. |
Reading these values
- How this feature is provided
- Built into the protocol, core-team software or independent software says where a feature lives and who can change it. These are implementation layers, not quality: core-team software is not closer to the protocol than independent software.
- Structured assessment pending
- The shared review has not assessed this feature for any chain yet (Account abstraction, Native staking or delegation, On-chain governance, Parallel execution, Protocol-verified messaging and Shielded transfers). That does not mean it is absent, and a chain’s profile may already describe it.
- Unknown
- The review has not established this for this chain under the current definition; the note beside it says why. Unknown is not absent and not a low score. A feature reads “Not present” only when a source shows it is absent.
- Earlier definition
- Payment or state channels, Programmable spending and Rollups keep the earlier definition until the next fact-check. There, “Native” does not separate the protocol from core-team software, “Ecosystem software” does not say who publishes it, and “Partial” does not say which layer.
- Reading across rows
- The list of capabilities is incomplete. Do not read these rows as a chain leading or lagging overall.
Ecosystem & custody
| Product type | Status | Notes and sources |
|---|---|---|
| Automated market makers | Established in the ecosystemUniswap (v2, v3, v4, UniswapX) | Uniswap Labs says Uniswap v2, v3, v4 and UniswapX are live on Robinhood Chain and that Uniswap is the primary public AMM there, with Web App, Wallet and API support from day one. Robinhood's launch post also names Pleiades as deploying a proprietary AMM for prop trading; its live status was not verified. Liquidity depth was not measured. 912 |
| Issuer-native stablecoins | Established in the ecosystemUSDG (Paxos) | Paxos lists a USDG token on Robinhood Mainnet (0x5fc5360D0400a0Fd4f2af552ADD042D716F1d168), matching Robinhood's contracts page, and Global Dollar Network says USDG is issued natively on Robinhood Chain. Paxos also lists a separate LayerZero OFT contract there for cross-chain transfers. Native means issuer-issued, not a protocol asset. Circle's USDC list did not include Robinhood Chain at review. 8131418 |
| Algorithmic stablecoins | Unknown | Algorithmic or hybrid stablecoins on Robinhood Chain were not reviewed. |
| Bridges | Native to the protocolArbitrum canonical bridge, LayerZero OFT / Stargate, Chainlink CCIP / Transporter, Relay, Across, LiFi / 0x (aggregators) | Robinhood's bridging page documents the canonical Ethereum to Robinhood Chain bridge plus third-party routes. Circle CCTP did not list Robinhood Chain at review. Risk: Robinhood calls the canonical bridge trustless, but withdrawals wait about seven days, disputes rely on two permissioned validators, and the Security Council can act in emergencies without a timelock. Third-party routes add their own messaging or solver trust. 3419 |
| Block explorers | ThinBlockscout (robinhoodchain.blockscout.com) | Robinhood's connection page lists this Blockscout instance as the Mainnet explorer and names no other. Other explorers were not reviewed; explorer views are indexed provider data. 2 |
| Hardware wallets | Established in the ecosystemLedger (Ledger Wallet), Trezor (Trezor Suite) | See custody rows: Ledger documents Robinhood Chain in Ledger Wallet and Trezor documents a Robinhood Chain account in Trezor Suite. Neither states device-app, model or contract-signing coverage. 151617 |
Hardware-wallet custody
| Device maker | Status | What users can and cannot do |
|---|---|---|
| Ledger | Native supportSame as native: Unknown | Can: Send assets on Robinhood Chain from Ledger Wallet, approving each transaction on the signer Can: Receive to a Ledger-controlled Robinhood Chain address Can: Review transactions with Clear Signing on the signer screen (per-model coverage not stated)Ledger says availability of Robinhood Chain varies by region and is subject to Robinhood's eligibility terms, and asks users to update to the latest Ledger Wallet. Ledger's pages do not name the device app or the scope of contract and dApp signing; Ledger's support article did not load in this review. 1516 |
| Trezor | Native supportSame as native: Unknown | Can: View Robinhood Chain balance, tokens and transaction history in a Trezor Suite account Can: Send and receive ETH and supported tokens on Robinhood Chain Can: Buy, sell and swap through Trezor Suite's integrated providers Cannot: Move assets between Robinhood Chain and Ethereum by sending to the shared address: the account uses the same address as Ethereum, but the networks are separate and assets sent on one do not arrive on the otherTrezor's article is undated but refers to the 1 July 2026 Mainnet launch. It does not name supported Trezor models or the scope of contract and dApp signing. Suite keeps a small ETH reserve in the account to cover fees. 17 |
Public data
Your AI can request these lookups through the connection. The website itself runs no lookups. Networks: mainnet.
| Lookup | Status | What it covers and its limits |
|---|---|---|
| Address or account | Available | native ETH balance, transaction count and code presence at provider-reported latest state |
| Tokens and assets | Needs a provider key on our server | paginated provider-indexed ERC-20/ERC-8056/ERC-721/ERC-1155 balances |
| NFTs | Needs a provider key on our server | paginated provider-indexed ERC-721/ERC-1155 token IDs with exact quantities |
| Transactions | Available | transaction and receipt execution with provider-relative latest-head confirmations |
Sourced developments
Developments: Review overdue Reviewed Sep 26, 2026; next review was due Oct 6, 2026.
Publication date · newest first
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Robinhood Chain websocket feeds changed to compressed-only transmission
Robinhood's notices table says the Mainnet and Testnet websocket feeds moved to RFC 7692 per-message compression on September 17. Nitro node and relay operators were unaffected; custom direct-feed scripts had to add compression support or read uncompressed JSON from a Nitro relay.
- Type:Operations
- Proposal:Not applicable
- Release:Feed configuration change effective
- Activation:Activated mainnet and testnet
-
Robinhood recommended Nitro v3.11.4 for node operators
Robinhood's notices table lists offchainlabs/nitro-node:v3.11.4-7d5ac27-stripped as an available recommended node-software upgrade. The notice explicitly says this release has no chain consensus changes and that nodes on the prior version continue to sync normally.
- Type:Release
- Proposal:Not applicable
- Release:Released recommended node software
- Activation:No consensus change
-
Robinhood announced public mainnet launch
Robinhood's July 1 newsroom post says the public mainnet was officially launching; the same-day Arbitrum post says mainnet was live on the Arbitrum Platform. The later Robinhood page update date is preserved separately and is not substituted for launch date.
- Type:Launch
- Proposal:Completed announcement
- Release:Public mainnet announced live
- Activation:Announced active by two first party sources
Sources: Robinhood — Robinhood Accelerates Global Expansion with Robinhood Chain Mainnet, Stock Tokens, Agentic Trading and New Suite of DeFi Products (external site) · Arbitrum — Robinhood Chain mainnet is live, built with the Arbitrum Platform (external site)
-
Robinhood announced the public testnet
Robinhood's February 10 newsroom post announced a live developer public testnet; Arbitrum cross-confirmed the live testnet in a February 11 post. This was a testnet milestone and does not by itself establish the later mainnet launch.
- Type:Testnet
- Proposal:Completed announcement
- Release:Public testnet announced live
- Activation:Testnet only at publication superseded for mainnet status
Sources: Robinhood — Robinhood Chain Launches Public Testnet (external site) · Arbitrum — Robinhood Chain Launches Testnet on Arbitrum, Commits $1M to Jumpstart Developer Ecosystem (external site)
Publication date unknown
-
Mainnet connection parameters were manually reviewed
Robinhood's current connection page listed mainnet chain ID 4663, ETH gas, the public rate-limited RPC, and the Blockscout explorer. This is dated review evidence, not a publication or launch date.
- Type:Documentation
- Proposal:Not applicable
- Release:Documentation observed
- Activation:Network parameters documented at review
Source: Robinhood — Connecting to Robinhood Chain (external site)
Topics your AI can explain
Your AI can explain these topics for Robinhood Chain through the connection, with sources.
Known gaps
What this profile's review did not establish:
- No primary-source throughput or block-time figure was found; the launch announcement says only 'fast block times', which is not recorded as a claim.
- Ledger's pages do not name the device app or the scope of contract and dApp signing, and Ledger's support article did not load; Trezor's article does not name supported models. How complete either device's Robinhood Chain support is remains unknown.
- Uniswap liquidity depth on Robinhood Chain, and whether Pleiades' announced proprietary AMM is live, were not verified.
- The sequencer operator's identity was not confirmed. Robinhood's page on sequencer screening does not say whether a screened transaction can be forced in through Ethereum, and no reviewed page describes a force-inclusion or escape-hatch path. Upgrade-key holders beyond the Security Council were not reviewed.
- No rollup or channel settling to Robinhood Chain was reviewed, so no scaling options are listed in this profile. Its own settlement to Ethereum is described in the Ethereum dependency note.
- Light-client paths, atomic swaps and recovery features were not reviewed.
- The full-node page lists a Nitro v3.11.2 image while the notices page recommended v3.11.4 on 14 September 2026; hardware figures were taken as published.
Sources
Oldest dated source check: Source checked Sep 27, 2026 Next check due Oct 27, 2026.
- About Robinhood Chain (external site)
- Connecting to Robinhood Chain (external site)
- Bridging (external site)
- Governance (external site)
- Run a Robinhood Chain full node (external site)
- Account Abstraction (external site)
- Differences from Ethereum (external site)
- Robinhood Chain Token Contracts (external site)
- Robinhood Accelerates Global Expansion with Robinhood Chain Mainnet, Stock Tokens, Agentic Trading and New Suite of DeFi Products (external site)
- Notices & Upgrades (external site)
- Robinhood Chain mainnet is live, built with the Arbitrum Platform (external site)
- Uniswap is Live on Robinhood Chain (external site)
- USDG on Main Networks (external site)
- USDG is Now Available on Robinhood Chain as the Lending Asset in Robinhood's New Earn Product (external site)
- Robinhood Chain Live On Ledger Wallet (external site)
- Robinhood Chain & Ledger: How to Send, Receive & Secure Your Assets (external site)
- Robinhood Chain: what it is and how it works with Trezor (external site)
- USDC contract addresses (external site)
- CCTP supported blockchains (external site)
Report an error
Found something wrong or out of date? Reporting is free, and every chain goes through the same process. Published corrections appear in the public log.
Funding disclosure
Funding disclosures appear here when an upkeep arrangement exists, in the form “Upkeep funded by [name]; verdicts unaffected.” The funder ledger has not been published yet. Neutrality & funding